Kawm Txog Kev Txhim Kho Scheme Ntawm Siab Viav Adsorption

Taw qhia

Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm industrialization thiab nroog loj, kev sib cais roj thiab kev siv tshuab ua kom huv si ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw. Siab viav vias adsorption (PSA), raws li cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob sib cais tau zoo, tau nyiam cov neeg siv khoom thoob plaws vim nws txoj haujlwm yooj yim, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab kev siv ntau yam 11-2. Cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm tseem muaj qee qhov kev txwv hauv kev sib cais thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, uas tau ua rau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo. Daim ntawv no qhia txog txoj kev txhim kho raws li PSA thev naus laus zis, txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj thiab txhim kho nws daim ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm adsorbents, kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsim cov khoom siv adsorption tshiab, nws tau cog lus tias yuav ua tiav kev sib cais ntau dua thiab kev siv hluav taws xob qis dua, yog li txhawb kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm PSA thev naus laus zis.

 

 

 

 

1 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua ntawm lub siab viav vias adsorption
Siab viav vias adsorption (PSA) yog ib lub tshuab uas ua tiav cov pa sib cais raws li kev xaiv adsorption yam ntxwv ntawm adsorbents ntawm cov roj molecules. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog siv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm adsorption ntawm adsorbent rau cov pa roj ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, thiab ua kom tiav cov roj adsorption thiab desorption txheej txheem los ntawm kev kho lub siab [13-4]. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem PSA, cov roj sib tov feem ntau yog dhau los ntawm lub txaj adsorber uas muaj qhov tsim nyog adsorbent. Nyob rau hauv lub high-pressure theem, lub hom phiaj tivthaiv nyob rau hauv cov roj sib tov yuav adsorbed los ntawm cov adsorbent, thaum lub hom phiaj tsis yog lub hom phiaj yuav dhau los ntawm lub adsorbent txaj thiab tawm ntawm lub system tom qab purification. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau theem qis-siab, los ntawm kev txo qhov siab, lub hom phiaj tivthaiv hauv cov adsorbent yuav raug desorbed thiab sau kom tau lub hom phiaj roj purified.
Cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj xws li cov kauj ruam hauv qab no: adsorption, siab tso tawm, purification, recycling thiab siab nce.
1) Adsorption: Nyob rau theem siab siab, cov roj sib tov dhau los ntawm lub txaj adsorber, lub hom phiaj yog xaiv adsorbed los ntawm adsorbent, thiab cov khoom tsis yog lub hom phiaj dhau los ntawm lub txaj adsorbent.
2) Lub siab tso tawm: Tom qab lub adsorption theem, lub hom phiaj tivthaiv pib desorb los ntawm kev txo qhov siab ntawm lub txaj adsorber, yog li ua tiav cov desorption ntawm lub hom phiaj tivthaiv.
3) Purification: Lub hom phiaj desorbed yog ntxiv ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom siv purification kom tau txais cov roj purity siab.
4) Recirculation: Lub hom phiaj roj purified tuaj yeem rov txhaj rau hauv lub kaw lus kom muab lub sijhawm rau rov ua dua.
5) Kev nce siab: Los ntawm kev nce siab ntawm lub txaj adsorber, cov adsorbent tau rov qab los rau lub xeev siab adsorption los npaj rau lub voj voog tom ntej.
Muaj qee qhov teeb meem hauv kev siv cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm siv, uas txwv kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Ua ntej, cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev thiab muaj peev xwm ntau lawm. Lub sij hawm ntev adsorption tsis tsuas yog nce lub zog noj ntawm lub cev, tab sis kuj txwv nws daim ntawv thov loj hauv kev tsim khoom. Qhov thib ob, muaj teeb meem lub sij hawm tsis sib npaug hauv cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj 15-6 rau txhua kauj ruam ua haujlwm. Lub sij hawm tsis tsim nyog ntawm kev faib cov kauj ruam sib txawv yuav ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab txo qhov kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim cov qauv adsorber thiab txoj kev ncig hauv cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Cov qauv adsorber tsis tsim nyog yuav ua rau cov pa tsis zoo thiab cuam tshuam rau kev sib cais. Txoj kev ncig ib txwm muaj tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem xws li kev hloov pauv siab loj thiab kev siv lub zog siab.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov txheej txheem PSA ib txwm muaj teeb meem xws li lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis sib npaug, thiab cov qauv adsorber tsis tsim nyog thiab lub voj voog qauv tsim, uas txwv tsis pub nws daim ntawv thov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev sib cais roj thiab kev huv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog thiab tseem ceeb heev los txhim kho PSA thev naus laus zis.

 

 

 

 

2 Adsorbent optimization
2.1 Adsorbent xaiv thiab ntsuas kev ua haujlwm
Adsorbent yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv PSA system, thiab nws cov kev xaiv thiab kev ua tau zoo ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib cais thiab kev siv lub zog ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev xaiv adsorbent, yam xws li lub cev thiab tshuaj lub zog ntawm lub hom phiaj roj, lub peev xwm adsorption thiab selectivity ntawm cov adsorbent yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Feem ntau siv adsorbents muaj xws li activated carbon, molecular sieves, thiab lwm yam.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov adsorbent, txoj hauv kev xws li adsorption isotherm sim thiab dynamic adsorption sim siv tau. Kev sim adsorption isotherm tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov adsorption tus nqi ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov roj adsorbent thiab tau txais qhov adsorption isotherm nkhaus. Kev sim adsorption dynamic tuaj yeem simulate qhov adsorption kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov adsorbent nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tiag tiag, nrog rau cov ntsuas xws li adsorption tus nqi thiab kev xaiv.
2.2 Adsorbent nto hloov kho tshuab
Kev hloov kho deg ntawm adsorbents yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho lawv cov adsorption kev ua tau zoo. Los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov qauv pore ntawm qhov adsorbent nto, nws thaj chaw saum npoo tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, qhov pore loj tuaj yeem hloov kho, thiab lub peev xwm adsorption thiab kev xaiv tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Feem ntau siv adsorbent nto hloov kho cov txheej txheem suav nrog impregnation, deposition, ion pauv thiab tshuaj hloov kho [17-8]. Txoj kev impregnation yog raus cov adsorbent nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem, thiab hloov cov khoom nto ntawm cov adsorbent los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los yog lub cev adsorption ntawm cov adsorbent thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Txoj kev tso tawm yog tso ib txheej ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb, xws li hlau oxides lossis cov organic ua haujlwm sib txuas, nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov adsorbent kom nce cov haujlwm thiab kev xaiv ntawm cov adsorbent. Txoj kev sib pauv ion qhia txog cov ions tshwj xeeb rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov adsorbent los hloov cov khoom seem, yog li tswj cov kev xaiv ntawm cov adsorbent. Kev hloov kho tshuaj lom neeg yog los qhia cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj adsorbent kom hloov nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev sib raug zoo.
2.3 Tsim thiab tsim cov adsorbents tshiab
Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj adsorbents, kev ua haujlwm ntawm PSA systems kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev tsim thiab tsim cov adsorbents tshiab. Cov adsorbents tshiab tuaj yeem yog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab raws li cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, Hlau-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) yog ib yam tshiab ntawm adsorbent nrog siab porosity thiab adjustable qauv. MOFs muaj thaj chaw loj loj thiab qhov pore ntim, uas tuaj yeem muab ntau qhov chaw adsorption, txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm adsorption thiab selectivityI9-101. Tsis tas li ntawd, nanomaterials xws li carbon nanotubes thiab graphene kuj qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm siv tau raws li adsorbents. Kev tsim thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov adsorbents tshiab yuav tsum tau xav txog ntau yam xws li adsorption kev ua tau zoo, ruaj khov, thiab kev npaj nqi. Cov adsorbents tshiab nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm adsorption tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev txhim kho cov qauv, kev hloov kho, thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem npaj.
Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev xaiv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm adsorbents, suav nrog kev xaiv thiab kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm adsorbents, adsorbent nto hloov kho tshuab, thiab tsim thiab tsim cov adsorbents tshiab, kev sib cais kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm PSA cov tshuab tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, txhawb kev txhim kho ntxiv. ntawm PSA technology. Tshooj tom ntej yuav tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm PSA systems.